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Heparin is known as a “clearing factor” because it activates lipoprotein lipase (LPL), an enzyme responsible for breaking down triglycerides in lipoproteins like chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). This action helps in the rapid clearance of lipid-rich particles from the blood, making plasma appear clear instead of turbid. By promoting lipid metabolism, heparin reduces circulating triglyceride levels. This property is useful in studying lipid metabolism and managing hyperlipidemia.