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| ====Example List of questions for PG (MD Biochemistry Students)==== | ====Example List of questions for PG (MD Biochemistry Students)==== | ||
| =====Core biochemistry===== | =====Core biochemistry===== | ||
| - | - How H2O2 is formed in human body | Describe biochemical reactions causing H2O2 mediated damage to cell membrane lipid| How NADPH is used to metabolize H2O2| How G6PD mutations are inherited| What are biochemical events causing hemolysis in G6PD deficiency| Explain principle of Methelene Blue based screening test for diagnosis of G6PD deficiency | + | - [[How H2O2 is formed in human body | Describe biochemical reactions causing H2O2 mediated damage to cell membrane lipid| How NADPH is used to metabolize H2O2| How G6PD mutations are inherited| What are biochemical events causing hemolysis in G6PD deficiency| Explain principle of Methelene Blue based screening test for diagnosis of G6PD deficiency]] |
| - | - Explain role of Fe2+, heme and globins in hemoglobin mediated O2 and CO2 transport. Emphasize role of distal and proximal histidine of globin. Enlist series of molecular events responsible for increased O2 affinity of Hb when one of its globin bind O2. Explain molecular basis of relationship between O2 and carbon monoxide in context of hemoglobin structure and function. What is carbon monoxide concentration in various environment | + | - [[Explain role of Fe2+, heme and globins in hemoglobin mediated O2 and CO2 transport. Emphasize role of distal and proximal histidine of globin. Enlist series of molecular events responsible for increased O2 affinity of Hb when one of its globin bind O2. Explain molecular basis of relationship between O2 and carbon monoxide in context of hemoglobin structure and function. What is carbon monoxide concentration in various environment]] |
| - [[Describe biochemical structure of bacterial cell wall and give overview of its synthesis. How does it differ in Gram positive and negative organisms. Describe biochemical mechanism of action of antibiotics affecting bacterial cell wall. Explain biochemical strategies used by bacteria to develop resistance to these antibiotics.]] | - [[Describe biochemical structure of bacterial cell wall and give overview of its synthesis. How does it differ in Gram positive and negative organisms. Describe biochemical mechanism of action of antibiotics affecting bacterial cell wall. Explain biochemical strategies used by bacteria to develop resistance to these antibiotics.]] | ||
| - [[Explain mechanism of autoimmune disease following bacterial infection and immune-mediated hypersensitivity to antibiotics]] | - [[Explain mechanism of autoimmune disease following bacterial infection and immune-mediated hypersensitivity to antibiotics]] | ||
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| - [[Maple syrup urine diseases]] | - [[Maple syrup urine diseases]] | ||
| - [[Biosynthesis and metabolism of serotonin and metatonin]] | - [[Biosynthesis and metabolism of serotonin and metatonin]] | ||
| - | -[[Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various hyperhomocystinemia]] | + | - [[Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various hyperhomocystinemia]] |
| - [[Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various disorders of lipid malabsorptio]] | - [[Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various disorders of lipid malabsorptio]] | ||
| - [[Biochemical cause of major signs and symptoms of porphyrias]] | - [[Biochemical cause of major signs and symptoms of porphyrias]] | ||
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| - [[Role of dolichol in synthesis of N-linked glycoprotein]] | - [[Role of dolichol in synthesis of N-linked glycoprotein]] | ||
| - [[GPI anchored proteind]] | - [[GPI anchored proteind]] | ||
| - | -[[Formation and consequences of advanced glycation endproducts]] | + | - [[Formation and consequences of advanced glycation endproducts]] |
| - [[Biochemical basis of difference in clinical presentation of seasonal flu and bird flu/swine flu]] | - [[Biochemical basis of difference in clinical presentation of seasonal flu and bird flu/swine flu]] | ||
| - [[Order and location of various post-translational processing of collagen]] | - [[Order and location of various post-translational processing of collagen]] | ||
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| - [[alpha-1 antitrypsin function and deficiency]] | - [[alpha-1 antitrypsin function and deficiency]] | ||
| - [[genetics of ABO blood groups]] | - [[genetics of ABO blood groups]] | ||
| - | -[[Metabolism of RBC]] | + | - [[Metabolism of RBC]] |
| - [[Important reactions related to oxidative stress in various cells]] | - [[Important reactions related to oxidative stress in various cells]] | ||
| - [[RBC cytoskeleton and hereditary spherocytosis]] | - [[RBC cytoskeleton and hereditary spherocytosis]] | ||
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| - [[neuraminidase inhibitors]] | - [[neuraminidase inhibitors]] | ||
| - [[protease inhibitors]] | - [[protease inhibitors]] | ||
| - | - M protein inhibitor- amantidine | + | - [[M protein inhibitor- amantidine]] |
| - | - Reverse trascriptase inhibitors | + | - [[Reverse trascriptase inhibitors]] |
| - | - integrase inhibitors | + | - [[integrase inhibitors]] |
| - | - anti cancer drugs mechanism | + | - [[anti cancer drugs mechanism]] |
| - | - H1N1 | + | - [[H1N1]] |
| - | - HIV | + | - [[HIV]] |
| =====Immunology===== | =====Immunology===== | ||
| - | - Immunoglobulin | + | - [[Immunoglobulin]] |
| - | - Complement | + | - [[Complement]] |
| - | - B cell Receptor | + | - [[B cell Receptor]] |
| - | - T Cell receptors | + | - [[T Cell receptors]] |
| - | - MHC | + | - [[MHC]] |
| - | - Immune diversityAllelic exclusion, DNA rearrangement in B and T cell, Junctional diversity, Somatic hypermutation, | + | - [[Immune diversityAllelic exclusion, DNA rearrangement in B and T cell, Junctional diversity, Somatic hypermutation, |
| - | - Extracelluar and intracellular antigen presentation | + | - [[Extracelluar and intracellular antigen presentation]] |
| - | - T Cell activation | + | - [[T Cell activation]] |
| - | - B Cell activation | + | - [[B Cell activation]] |
| - | - T cell and B cell effector functions | + | - [[T cell and B cell effector functions]] |
| - | - ADA, Chronic granulomatous disease, Ataxia Telegactesia | + | - [[ADA, Chronic granulomatous disease, Ataxia Telegactesia]] |
| - | - Autoimmunity | + | - [[Autoimmunity]] |
| * [[Self tolerance]] | * [[Self tolerance]] | ||
| - | * Central | + | * [[Central]] |
| - | * Peripheral | + | * [[Peripheral]] |
| - | * Loss of self tolerance | + | * [[Loss of self tolerance]] |
| - | * structural molecular | + | * [[structural molecular |
| - | * sequestration | + | * [[Neoantigen]] |
| - | * Neoantigen | + | * [[Epitope spreading]] |
| - | * Epitope spreading | + | |
| =====Clinical Chemistry===== | =====Clinical Chemistry===== | ||
| - | - Ethical issues in clinical chemistry | + | - [[Ethical issues in clinical chemistry]] |
| - | - Process of introducing new laboratory method in routine use | + | - [[Process of introducing new laboratory method in routine use]] |
| - | - Repeatability, | + | - [[Repeatability, |
| - | - Measurement of within run precision using 20 sets of within-batch-duplicate measurement | + | - [[Measurement of within run precision using 20 sets of within-batch-duplicate measurement]] |
| - | - Precision profile of an examination at different analyte concentration | + | - [[Precision profile of an examination at different analyte concentration]] |
| - | - Evaluation of the Linearity of Quantitative Measurement Procedures CLSI EP 06-A | + | - [[Evaluation of the Linearity of Quantitative Measurement Procedures CLSI EP 06-A]] |
| - | - LoB,LoD,LoQ and LoL | + | - [[LoB,LoD,LoQ and LoL]] |
| - | - Procedures for setting analytical goals for clinical chemistry examinations | + | - [[Procedures for setting analytical goals for clinical chemistry examinations]] |
| - | - Bland Altman plot for comparison between two methods | + | - [[Bland Altman plot for comparison between two methods]] |
| - | - Absolute and relative Bland Altman plot for comparison between two methods | + | - [[Absolute and relative Bland Altman plot for comparison between two methods]] |
| - | - Regression analysis | + | - [[Regression analysis]] |
| - | - Concept of significant digits in clinical chemistry | + | - [[Concept of significant digits in clinical chemistry]] |
| - | - Traceability and measurement uncertainty | + | - [[Traceability and measurement uncertainty]] |
| - | - Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic test and ROC curve | + | - [[Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic test and ROC curve]] |
| - | - Types of clinical questions addressed in laboratory medicine with examples | + | - [[Types of clinical questions addressed in laboratory medicine with examples]] |
| - | - Hierarchy of evidences for decision making about appropriateness of a laboratory examination | + | - [[Hierarchy of evidences for decision making about appropriateness of a laboratory examination]] |
| - | - Standards for reporting diagnostic accuracy (STARD) used for evaluating evidence published for accuracy of laboratory test | + | - [[Standards for reporting diagnostic accuracy (STARD) used for evaluating evidence published for accuracy of laboratory test]] |
| - | - Critical appraisal and systemic review of diagnostic tests | + | - [[Critical appraisal and systemic review of diagnostic tests]] |
| - | - Economic evaluation of diagnostic tests | + | - [[Economic evaluation of diagnostic tests]] |
| - | - Different meanings of “Normal Value” and difference from “Reference value” and “Clinical decision limits” | + | - [[Different meanings of “Normal Value” and difference from “Reference value” and “Clinical decision limits”]] |
| - | - Conditions to compare patient results with reference values | + | - [[Conditions to compare patient results with reference values]] |
| - | - Strategies for selecting reference individuals for determining reference values of a diagnostic test | + | - [[Strategies for selecting reference individuals for determining reference values of a diagnostic test]] |
| - | - Parametric and nonparametric methods for determining reference values | + | - [[Parametric and nonparametric methods for determining reference values]] |
| - | - Univariate, multiple univariate and multivariate reference values | + | - [[Univariate, multiple univariate and multivariate reference values]] |
| - | - Subject based reference values | + | - [[Subject based reference values]] |
| - | - Circadian rhythm as preanalytical variable | + | - [[Circadian rhythm as preanalytical variable]] |
| - | - Diet and alcohol as preanalytical variable | + | - [[Diet and alcohol as preanalytical variable]] |
| - | - Noncontrollable preanalytical variable | + | - [[Noncontrollable preanalytical variable]] |
| - | - Biological variability of clinical chemistry examinations | + | - [[Biological variability of clinical chemistry examinations]] |
| - | - Recommended order of draw, stopper color, content and inversions | + | - [[Recommended order of draw, stopper color, content and inversions]] |
| - | - Types of vacuum tubes for collection of blood for serum | + | - [[Types of vacuum tubes for collection of blood for serum]] |
| - | - Newer advances in vacuum tubes technology for patient and phlebotomist safety | + | - [[Newer advances in vacuum tubes technology for patient and phlebotomist safety]] |
| - | - Skin puncture for sample collection | + | - [[Skin puncture for sample collection]] |
| - | - Arterial puncture for sample collection | + | - [[Arterial puncture for sample collection]] |
| - | - Various anticoagulents and preservatives in blood | + | - [[Various anticoagulents and preservatives in blood]] |
| - | - Collection of urine specimen | + | - [[Collection of urine specimen]] |
| - | - Cost of Quality with reference to clinical laboratory | + | - [[Cost of Quality with reference to clinical laboratory]] |
| - | - Concept of six sigma and measurement of sigma in a clinical chemistry laboratory | + | - [[Concept of six sigma and measurement of sigma in a clinical chemistry laboratory]] |
| - | - Calibrator traceability | + | - [[Calibrator traceability]] |
| - | - LJ Chart for quality control | + | - [[LJ Chart for quality control]] |
| - | - Westgard rules for interpretation of QC results | + | - [[Westgard rules for interpretation of QC results]] |
| - | - Control of quality using patient data from single and multiple patients | + | - [[Control of quality using patient data from single and multiple patients]] |
| - | - Desirable characteristics of EQA program for clinical chemistry | + | - [[Desirable characteristics of EQA program for clinical chemistry]] |
| - | - Explain Trueness, accuracy and precision with examples | + | - [[Explain Trueness, accuracy and precision with examples]] |
| - | - Explain repeatability and reproducibility with examples | + | - [[Explain repeatability and reproducibility with examples]] |
| - | - mole, molarity, molality and normality | + | - [[mole, molarity, molality and normality]] |
| - | - Concentration quantities and units in clinical biochemistry | + | - [[Concentration quantities and units in clinical biochemistry]] |
| - | - SI units in clinical biochemistry | + | - [[SI units in clinical biochemistry]] |
| - | - Standardized reporting of test results | + | - [[Standardized reporting of test results]] |
| - | - Reagent grade water – CLSI specifications and preparation/ | + | - [[Reagent grade water – CLSI specifications and preparation/ |
| - | - Reference materials, Reference methods and Reference laboratories | + | - [[Reference materials, Reference methods and Reference laboratories]] |
| - | - Measurement of volume in clinical chemistry | + | - [[Measurement of volume in clinical chemistry]] |
| - | - Micropipette/ | + | - [[Micropipette/ |
| - | - Types, operating principles, calibration, | + | - [[Types, operating principles, calibration, |
| - | - Buffers in clinical chemistry reagents – principles, preparation and uses | + | - [[Buffers in clinical chemistry reagents – principles, preparation and uses]] |
| - | - Ethical issues in clinical chemistry | + | - [[Ethical issues in clinical chemistry]] |
| - | - Hazards in clinical laboratory | + | - [[Hazards in clinical laboratory]] |
| - | - Classification of fires and fire extinguisher requirements | + | - [[Color coding, order of draw, mixing recommendations of vacuum tubes for sample collection]] |
| - | - Color coding, order of draw, mixing recommendations of vacuum tubes for sample collection | + | - [[Causes and prevention of error and hazards in sample collection]] |
| - | - Causes and prevention of error and hazards in sample collection | + | - [[Beer's law, relationship between Transmittance and Absorbance and its application in clinical chemistry.]] |
| - | - Beer's law, relationship between Transmittance and Absorbance and its application in clinical chemistry. | + | - [[Explain concept and application of Molar Absorptivity giving suitable examples.]] |
| - | - Explain concept and application of Molar Absorptivity giving suitable examples. | + | - [[Draw diagram of a spectrophotometer. How double-beam-in-time spectrophotometer differ from double-beam-in-space spectrophotometer]] |
| - | - Draw diagram of a spectrophotometer. How double-beam-in-time spectrophotometer differ from double-beam-in-space spectrophotometer | + | - [[Spectral isolation in optical analytical equipments]] |
| - | - Light sources in analytical equipments | + | - [[Wavelengh accuracy, spectral band width, stray light and photometric accuracy of optical analytical equipments]] |
| - | - Spectral isolation in optical analytical equipments | + | - [[Principle, instrumentation and use of atomic absorption spectrometry in clinical chemistry]] |
| - | - Wavelengh accuracy, spectral band width, stray light and photometric accuracy of optical analytical equipments | + | - [[Zeeman correction in atomic absorption spectrometry]] |
| - | - Principle, instrumentation and use of atomic absorption spectrometry in clinical chemistry | + | - [[Principle of flurometry and fluroscence polarization]] |
| - | - Zeeman correction in atomic absorption spectrometry | + | - [[Components of flurometric equipment]] |
| - | - Principle of flurometry and fluroscence polarization | + | - [[Principles of Luminecence, |
| - | - Components of flurometric equipment | + | - [[Principle and instrumentation of nephelometry and turbidimetry]] |
| - | - Principles of Luminecence, | + | - [[Potentiometry using Ion selective electrodes for H+, Na+, K+ and Cl-]] |
| - | - Principle and instrumentation of nephelometry and turbidimetry | + | - [[Potentiometry electrodes for pCO2]] |
| - | - Potentiometry using Ion selective electrodes for H+, Na+, K+ and Cl- | + | - [[Amperometric electrode for pO2]] |
| - | - Potentiometry electrodes for pCO2 | + | - [[Amperometric O2 based and H2O2 based glucose electrodes]] |
| - | - Amperometric electrode for pO2 | + | - [[Potentiometric enzyme electrode for blood urea]] |
| - | - Amperometric O2 based and H2O2 based glucose electrodes | + | - [[Biosensors – enzyme based and affinity based]] |
| - | - Potentiometric enzyme electrode for blood urea | + | - [[Affinity sensors for specific protein and DNA detection]] |
| - | - Biosensors – enzyme based and affinity based | + | - [[Electrophoresis support media]] |
| - | - Affinity sensors for specific protein and DNA detection | + | - [[Isoelectric focusing]] |
| - | - Electrophoresis support media | + | - [[Principle of SDS PAGE]] |
| - | - Isoelectric focusing | + | - [[Troubleshooting SDS PAGE]] |
| - | - Principle of SDS PAGE | + | - [[Principle, instrumentation and uses of capillary electrophoresis]] |
| - | - Troubleshooting SDS PAGE | + | - [[Microchip electrophoresis]] |
| - | - Principle, instrumentation and uses of capillary electrophoresis | + | - [[Separation mechanisms used in chromatography]] |
| - | - Microchip electrophoresis | + | - [[Size exclusion chromatography]] |
| - | - Separation mechanisms used in chromatography | + | - [[Affinity chromatography]] |
| - | - Size exclusion chromatography | + | - [[Explain chromatographic resolution and efficiency]] |
| - | - Affinity chromatography | + | - [[Instrumentation of HPLC]] |
| - | - Explain chromatographic resolution and efficiency | + | - [[HPLC sample injector]] |
| - | - Instrumentation of HPLC | + | - [[HPLC columns]] |
| - | - HPLC sample injector | + | - [[HPLC detectors]] |
| - | - HPLC columns | + | - [[Instrumentation of Gas Chromatography]] |
| - | - HPLC detectors | + | - [[GC detectors]] |
| - | - Instrumentation of Gas Chromatography | + | - [[Principle of electron and chemical ionization in mass spectrometer]] |
| - | - GC detectors | + | - [[Electrospray Ionization for mass spectrometry]] |
| - | - Principle of electron and chemical ionization in mass spectrometer | + | - [[MALDI mass spectrometry]] |
| - | - Electrospray Ionization for mass spectrometry | + | - [[Principles of various mass analysers for mass spectrometry]] |
| - | - MALDI mass spectrometry | + | - [[Quadruple mass analysers]] |
| - | - Principles of various mass analysers for mass spectrometry | + | - [[Magnetic sector mass analysers]] |
| - | - Quadruple mass analysers | + | - [[TOF mass analysers]] |
| - | - Magnetic sector mass analysers | + | - [[Quadrupole and linear ion trap mass analysers]] |
| - | - TOF mass analysers | + | - [[Tandom mass spectrometry]] |
| - | - Quadrupole and linear ion trap mass analysers | + | - [[Clinical applications of mass spectrometer]] |
| - | - Tandom mass spectrometry | + | - [[Define isoenzymes. Explain genetic origin of isoenzymes. Enlist non-genetic modifications of enzymes resulting in isoforms.]] |
| - | - Clinical applications of mass spectrometer | + | - [[Measurement of enzymes by reaction rates]] |
| - | - Define isoenzymes. Explain genetic origin of isoenzymes. Enlist non-genetic modifications of enzymes resulting in isoforms. | + | - [[Strategy for detection of above-linearity range ALT in automated chemistry analysers]] |
| - | - Measurement of enzymes by reaction rates | + | - [[Traceability of enzyme measurement]] |
| - | - Strategy for detection of above-linearity range ALT in automated chemistry analysers | + | - [[Enzymes as analytical reagents]] |
| - | - Traceability of enzyme measurement | + | - [[Monoclonal antibody productions]] |
| - | - Enzymes as analytical reagents | + | - [[Labeled immunochemical assays]] |
| - | - Monoclonal antibody productions | + | - [[Competitive vs. noncompetitive immunoassay]] |
| - | - Labeled immunochemical assays | + | - [[Labels used for nonisotopic immunoassay and their detection limits]] |
| - | - Competitive vs. noncompetitive immunoassay | + | - [[Heterogenous vs. homogenous immunoassay]] |
| - | - Labels used for nonisotopic immunoassay and their detection limits | + | - [[CEDIA and EMIT]] |
| - | - Heterogenous vs. homogenous immunoassay | + | - [[Homogenous polarization fluroimmunoassay]] |
| - | - CEDIA and EMIT | + | - [[Principle of PCR]] |
| - | - Homogenous polarization fluroimmunoassay | + | - [[PCR optimization and primer design]] |
| - | - Principle of PCR | + | - [[PCR contamination control]] |
| - | - PCR optimization and primer design | + | - [[Hot start PCR]] |
| - | - PCR contamination control | + | - [[Asymmetric PCR]] |
| - | - Hot start PCR | + | - [[Allele specific PCR]] |
| - | - Asymmetric PCR | + | - [[Single molecule PCR]] |
| - | - Allele specific PCR | + | - [[Isothermic PCR amplification based on transcription]] |
| - | - Single molecule PCR | + | - [[PCR application detection techniques]] |
| - | - Isothermic PCR amplification based on transcription | + | - [[PCR amplicon discrimination techniques]] |
| - | - PCR application detection techniques | + | - [[PCR-RFLP]] |
| - | - PCR amplicon discrimination techniques | + | - [[Single stranded conformation polymorphism for discrimination of PCR products]] |
| - | - PCR-RFLP | + | - [[Denaturing gradient and temperature gradient electrophoresis for discrimination of PCR products]] |
| - | - Single stranded conformation polymorphism for discrimination of PCR products | + | - [[Dideoxy terminal sequencing of DNA principle and automated sequencing]] |
| - | - Denaturing gradient and temperature gradient electrophoresis for discrimination of PCR products | + | - [[Emulsion PCR]] |
| - | - Dideoxy terminal sequencing of DNA principle and automated sequencing | + | - [[Bridge amplification]] |
| - | - Emulsion PCR | + | - [[Absorbance melting curve of double helical nucleic acid]] |
| - | - Bridge amplification | + | - [[Dot-blot hybridization assay]] |
| - | - Absorbance melting curve of double helical nucleic acid | + | - [[Two color DNA microarray]] |
| - | - Dot-blot hybridization assay | + | - [[DNA copy number variation assay]] |
| - | - Two color DNA microarray | + | - [[Single copy visualization assay]] |
| - | - DNA copy number variation assay | + | - [[real time PCR with dsDNA binding dyes]] |
| - | - Single copy visualization assay | + | - [[Real time monitoring of PCR and melting analysis]] |
| - | - real time PCR with dsDNA binding dyes | + | - [[Detection, quantification and identification of amplicon in real time PCR]] |
| - | - Real time monitoring of PCR and melting analysis | + | - [[Common probes and dyes for realtime PCR]] |
| - | - Detection, quantification and identification of amplicon in real time PCR | + | - [[Microchip electrophoresis device]] |
| - | - Common probes and dyes for realtime PCR | + | - [[Automation in sample identification and data collection]] |
| - | - Microchip electrophoresis device | + | - [[Automation in sample transporters]] |
| - | - Automation in sample identification and data collection | + | - [[Describe components of a automated discrete analyser.]] |
| - | - Automation in sample transporters | + | - [[Use of barcoding in clinical laboratory]] |
| - | - Describe components of a automated discrete analyser. | + | - [[Components of Integrated automation system in clinical laboratory]] |
| - | - Use of barcoding in clinical laboratory | + | - [[Advantages and disadvantages of POCT]] |
| - | - Components of Integrated automation system in clinical laboratory | + | - [[Ideal requirements of POCT]] |
| - | - Advantages and disadvantages of POCT | + | - [[Classification of POCT devices]] |
| - | - Ideal requirements of POCT | + | - [[Principle of electrochemical glucose strip used in glucometers]] |
| - | - Classification of POCT devices | + | - [[Principle of lateral flow immunoassay]] |
| - | - Principle of electrochemical glucose strip used in glucometers | + | - [[Principles of HbA1C POCT instruments]] |
| - | - Principle of lateral flow immunoassay | + | - [[Assessing need for POCT service]] |
| - | - Principles of HbA1C POCT instruments | + | - [[**Principles, |
| - | - Assessing need for POCT service | + | - [[Describe genetics, clinical significance, |
| - | - **Principles, | + | - [[Current applications of tumor markers and their limitations]] |
| - | - Describe genetics, clinical significance, | + | - [[Current recommendations on use of tumor markers]] |
| - | - Current applications of tumor markers and their limitations | + | - [[Enzymes as tumor markers]] |
| - | - Current recommendations on use of tumor markers | + | - [[Screening for urine microalbuminuria in diabetes mellitus]] |
| - | - Enzymes as tumor markers | + | - [[Describe formation of creatinine in body Describe salient features of chemical and enzymatic methods for serum creatinine measurement. Give account of quality issues in creatinine measurement. List advantages and disadvantages of markers of GFR. Explain use of IDMS traceable MDRD equation for estimating GFR from serum creatinine.]] |
| - | - Screening for urine microalbuminuria in diabetes mellitus | + | - [[DM diagnostic guideline]] |
| - | - Describe formation of creatinine in body Describe salient features of chemical and enzymatic methods for serum creatinine measurement. Give account of quality issues in creatinine measurement. List advantages and disadvantages of markers of GFR. Explain use of IDMS traceable MDRD equation for estimating GFR from serum creatinine. | + | - [[ATP IV Hypercholesterolemia diagnostic guidline]] |
| - | - DM diagnostic guideline | + | - [[Cholesterol reference material, method and laboratories]] |
| - | - ATP IV Hypercholesterolemia diagnostic guidline | + | - [[beta thalassemia – genetics, pathogenesis, |
| - | - Cholesterol reference material, method and laboratories | + | - [[Explain different types of isoenzymes and isoforms of Creatine Kinase in humans. Describe principle of measurement of CK-MB by catalytic method and mass method. Why the catalytic method generally contain N-acetyl cysteine, AMP and diadenosine-pentaphosphate]] |
| - | - beta thalassemia – genetics, pathogenesis, | + | |
| - | - Explain different types of isoenzymes and isoforms of Creatine Kinase in humans. Describe principle of measurement of CK-MB by catalytic method and mass method. Why the catalytic method generally contain N-acetyl cysteine, AMP and diadenosine-pentaphosphate | + | |